The patella, sometimes referred to as the kneecap, is essential to the operation of the knee joint. It shields the knee joint and facilitates the transfer of force from the lower leg to the thigh muscles, enabling effective movement. However, the patella is prone to a variety of ailments because of its delicate position and the significant stress it experiences during physical activity. The most common patella injuries, along with their causes, signs, and available treatments, are listed here.
TENDINITIS PATELLAR (JUMPER’S KNEE)
Causes: Overuse is a common cause of patellar tendinitis, especially in sports like basketball and volleyball where players must repeatedly leap and change directions quickly.
Symptoms: Tenderness and soreness around the lower edge of the patella are common, especially when exercising and stair climbing.
Treatment: RICE stands for rest, ice, compression, and elevation. In extreme situations, corticosteroid injections, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory drugs may be advised. Appropriate warm-up methods and lifestyle adjustments can aid in preventing recurrence.
PATELLAR DISLOCATION
Causes: When the kneecap is displaced from its natural position inside the patellofemoral groove, patellar dislocation happens. This may be the consequence of an underlying anatomical problem or a severe injury.
Symptoms: Visible knee deformity, swelling, and excruciating pain are typical symptoms. The patient can experience instability and have trouble bending their knee.
Treatment: It’s critical to reduce the injury right away and realign the patella. After that, the patient may need physical therapy, immobilization, and occasionally surgery to straighten the patella or repair torn ligaments.
PATELLAR FRACTURE
Causes: A fall, a direct impact to the knee, or a forceful contraction of the quadriceps muscles can all cause patellar fractures.
Symptoms: The most common ones are severe pain, edema, and the inability to elevate or bear weight on the afflicted leg.
Treatment: The location and severity of the fracture will determine how it is treated. For more complicated fractures, surgical fixation with pins or screws may be necessary. Nonsurgical methods include casting or splinting.
RUPTURE OF PATELLAR TENDON
Causes: This injury usually happens when the quadriceps muscles suddenly contract violently, usually during jumping or falling.
Symptoms: A ruptured patellar tendon causes pain, a gap right below the kneecap, and a loss of strength in the knee extension.
Treatment: The main course of action for ruptures of the patellar tendon is surgery, which is followed by rehabilitation to restore function and strength.
PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME, OR RUNNER’S KNEE
Causes: Anterior knee pain can be caused by a number of disorders collectively referred to as “runner’s knee.” It may be brought on by excessive strain, misaligned muscles, or issues with patellar tracking.
Symptoms: Pain behind or around the patella, particularly when jogging or sitting for extended periods of time with the knees bent.
Treatment: Bracing, physical therapy to address muscle imbalances, rest, and pain management are commonly used in treatment. For long-term relief, the underlying cause must be found and addressed.
Acute injuries like fractures or dislocations can occur in addition to overuse ailments like patellar tendinitis. The best results and avoidance of long-term problems depend on an early diagnosis and adequate treatment. Maintaining knee joint health and preventing recurring patella injuries can also be greatly aided by preventative measures, rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes. It’s crucial to speak with the best knee replacement surgeon in Noida if you think you may have a patella injury so they can provide you with a personalized treatment plan and comprehensive assessment. Make an appointment for a patella injury consultation with renowned orthopedic surgeon Dr. A K Sharma at his Global Orthopaedics and Speciality Clinics in Sector 116, Noida.
